The civic coat of arms of Guagnano is marked by a blue background and it represents a meadow, a white horse riding at full gallop and behind a stately pine. There are no historical documents about the first urban centre. According to some historians it was made build by the Orsini del Balzos, Princes of Taranto,  in the XIV century. Probably the people were attracted by the good climate and the fertile land. At the beginning of the XVI century the casale was rich and important and  it included the feuds of Materano, Acquarolo, Ponticello and Pucciano. Guagnano was governed by  a lot of feudal vassals as the Sambiasis, the Zurlos, the Paladinis, the Galateos, the Lopezs, the Santoros, the Matteis and the Albrizzis. The last vassals were the Dukes of Cutrofiano, the Filomarinos, that ruled this centre until  1806. There are several important native characters as : Luigi Degli Atti,  Silvestro Passante, Angelo Cornito, Marsilio Memmo, Scipione Monaco Giacomo Candido e Enrico Erriquez. Erriquez belonged to a noble family  of the XVII century  and  he was appointed Bishop by the Pope Benedict XIV. He became an Apostolic delegate in Madrid, at the Court of the King Phillip V  of Spain. When he was 52 years old he was elected Cardinal and he  died at Ravenna after only three years. Giacomo Candido lived between the XIX and the XX centuries and, after  graduating in mathematics with excellent votes, he started teaching at Galatina. He   was  headmaster in  many schools at Brindisi, Campobasso and Matera. He died in his own village when he was 70 years old.