The civic coat of arms of Sogliano Cavour has a blue background and it represents the sun and the moon. About the origins of this village there is a legend according to which there used to be a temple where the god Janus was venerated. Therefore, the toponym derives from the Latin word "solium Jani"  meaning Janus' throne. According to another hypothesis in the past there was a barn  of the Casale of Soleto and a group of people from Soleto decided to build their houses near the barn, thus founding a village that became bigger and bigger. According to a third thesis the first village was founded by the Roman centurion Sollius for winning important battles and for his courage. The center is very ancient because and according to the tradition St. Peter himself came here to bring Chistianisation. In the feudal age the king Tancredi of Altavilla incorporated Sogliano Cavour into the County of Lecce and later it was annexed to the Principality of Taranto and governed by the Orsini Del Balzos. The centre was bought by Ferdinand of Aragon and the last vassals were the Ferraris who governed until 1806. Among the most important local people there is Michele Giacinto who lived  in the XIX century: he was a man of letters, a mathematician and a lawyer. Nicola Roscio lived  in the XIX century, and he got an appreciated physician and philosopher. Also Benedetto Angelelli was an illustrious doctor and philosopher of the XIX century. Giuseppe Palamà lived between the XIX and the XX centuries and, after graduating in Mathematics, he taught at the University of Bari and at the high school "Palmieri" of Lecce. Sincero Angelelli  lived  in the XIX  century and he was a scholar. He was a physician, a poet and a Latinist and he taught at the Seminario of Nardò. Mario Micheli lived between the XVIII and the XIX centuries and he graduated in Medicine at the University of Naples. He was also a good philosopher and wrote a lot of works.